As early as 1938, the director of the Baghdad Museum found the original cell, now known as the Baghdad Battery, in the basement of the museum. Analysis shows that the primitive cell dates back to 250 BC and was created during the Mesopotamian civilization.
Up to now, batteries can be large or small, there are many kinds of batteries, and their characteristics are different. The following is a summary of several common new energy vehicle batteries for you.
18650 battery
The 18650 battery is a standard lithium-ion battery model set by Japanese Sony in order to save costs. Where 18 means 18mm in diameter, 65 means 65mm in length, and 0 means cylindrical battery. 18650 is only the size of the battery model, according to the different cathode materials can be divided into lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium cobalt acid battery, lithium battery ternary.
At that time, Tesla Roadster used 18650 lithium cobalt acid battery, but later Model S was changed to Panasonic customized ternary material battery, namely nickel, cobalt, aluminum ternary cathode material battery. The Model S uses 8,000 + batteries, more than 1,000 more than the Roadster, but costs have fallen by 30%.
Lithium cobaltate battery
Lithium cobalt acid battery is a kind of lithium ion battery, its structure is stable, the capacity ratio is high, the comprehensive performance is outstanding, but its safety is poor, the cost is very high, is mainly used in the manufacture of mobile phones, notebook computers and other portable electronic equipment.
Ternary lithium battery
The ternary lithium battery is a lithium ion battery with lithium nickel-cobalt manganese (Li(NiCoMn)O2) ternary cathode material, which is safer than the lithium cobalt acid battery. Compared with lithium iron phosphate battery, ternary lithium battery in weight energy density is much higher, about 200Wh/kg, which means that the same weight of ternary lithium battery than lithium iron phosphate battery range longer. In addition, according to the low temperature test, it has been proved that the range attenuation of ternary lithium battery at low temperature is less than that of lithium iron phosphate battery.
Lithium-iron phosphate battery
Lithium-iron phosphate battery refers to lithium ion battery with lithium iron phosphate as cathode material. Its most prominent characteristic is thermal stability, which is second to no one in the current lithium battery for vehicle use. Because of this, it has also become one of the main categories of electric vehicle batteries.
Hydrogen fuel cell
Hydrogen fuel cells use hydrogen, a chemical element, to make cells that store energy. Its basic principle is the reverse reaction of water electrolysis, hydrogen and oxygen are supplied to the cathode and anode respectively, hydrogen diffuses outward through the cathode and electrolyte reaction, release electrons through the external load to the anode, only water and heat will be generated. The power generation efficiency of fuel cells can reach more than 50%, which is determined by the conversion nature of fuel cells, which directly converts chemical energy into electric energy without the intermediate conversion between thermal energy and mechanical energy (generators).
Perhaps we are the witnesses of a new energy era, in which the battery is undergoing innovation toward higher energy density, longer battery life, and shorter charging time, and the large battery of the future that will provide us with energy is constantly upgraded from the humble original battery.